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61.
62.
回应气候的山地城镇与建筑设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
回应地方气候与地理是建筑融于自然的主要方式,建筑因此获得存在于那个特定地点的充分理由以及地方性.应用山地设计和生态建筑设计理论,采取图解分析和综合演绎的方法,从山地建筑选址、布局、体形选择、通风、日照和景观等方面,探索回应气候的城市与建筑设计准则与策略,提出结合气候的山地城镇设计具体策略和手法,包括建筑选址、地域景观、通风防风、空间应变和节能设计策略等,为节能和生态建筑设计的理论与实践研究奠定基础. 相似文献
63.
浙江方岩丹霞地貌类型及其空间组合 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
andform of Fangyan is a unique representative of the "adolescent" development type in the application of the World Natural Heritages status in China, by virtue of its outstanding universal aesthetic and scientific value. 相似文献
64.
由于生长环境、地带性分布规律和垂直差异,山地与平原地区的不同植被类型在遥感影像上存在“同物异谱”及“异物同谱”现象,易导致土地类型的误分。为避免此类错分,在进行土地覆被类型解译之前,应首先确定平原、山地植被的边界。本文在遥感影像聚类分析、GIS空间分析及数理统计分析技术的支持下,以江西省都昌县北部地区为研究区域,基于高分一号(GF-1)遥感卫星影像及地形要素,完成了山地植被与平原植被的界线提取。实验结果显示,本研究得到的植被界线精度高达99.47%和96.28%。与单纯基于遥感影像分类得到的植被边界成果相比,精度提高了近25%和23%。研究证明,高分辨率遥感影像与地形因子结合后,计算得到的山地平原划分界线精度有明显提高,可以满足高分辨率遥感影像土地覆被类型解译研究的需要。 相似文献
65.
The fractal characteristics of drainage in the ten kongduis of the upper Yellow River were obtained using the box counting dimension, and the evolution stages of the watershed topography were defined by different ranges of the fractal dimensions of river networks (Dg). The results show that the fractal scaleless range of the Maobula River is 20–370 m based on a combination of artificial judgment, correlation coefficient test and fitting error. Other kongduis show good fractal characteristics in this fractal scaleless range as well. The box counting dimension can be used as a quantitative index of watershed topography fractal characteristics. The fractal dimension of stream networks is independent of the threshold contributing area used for extracting the drainage networks from the DEM. The values of Dg in the upper ten kongduis are in the range of 1.08?1.14. Both the runoff yield and the sediment yield are positively and linearly related with Dg. The positive relation between the sediment yield and Dg reflects the effect of landform features on sediment yield in the young and/or mature stages of landform evolution of the study area. By revising the critical value of Dg, the value of Dg of the basin in the young evolution stage is less than 1.06, while it is more than 1.06 for the basin in mature or old evolution stage. The upper ten kongduis are in the mature stage of landform evolution. 相似文献
66.
基于旅游地主题化RMIP模式的浦市古镇旅游开发初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
RMP(昂谱)分析理论是吴必虎先生提出的关于旅游产品开发的系统理论。该理论是以旅游产品为中心,进行R性分析(resourse analysis)和M性分析(market analysis),并以此为基础进行P性分析(product analy-sis),最终提出旅游产品为中心的规划框架。随着历史文化名村镇的普遍开发,古镇雷同现象日益严重,如何突出古村镇的个性地域特征,形成主题化特色古村镇,成为限制古村镇旅游发展的瓶颈。主题化RMIP策划模式是RMP(昂谱)分析理论的延续和发展。在旅游产品或旅游项目的开发研究中,主题是定位的关键,资源是产品开发的基础,市场是产品开发的导向,形象是产品开发的灵魂。运用主题化RMIP分析理论的核心理念,能够对浦市古镇开发起到一定的理论指导作用。 相似文献
67.
天津七里海古泻湖湿地环境演变研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
七里海古泻湖湿地位于天津市宁河县西南部,是全新世以来海退过程在天津平原留下的众多古泻湖湿地之一。分析了七里海古泻湖湿地形成、演变的区域地质背景,指出七里海古泻湖至少经历了3次大规模萎缩,其西南部萎缩较快,东北部萎缩相对较慢。利用历史资料研究了近5000a七里海古泻湖湿地的形成、演变过程,并以1950年航空照片和1976年、1981年、1987年、2000年、2005年的MSS、TM和ETM+影像数据为主要数据源,用遥感和地理信息系统技术研究了近百年七里海古泻湖湿地的环境变化。结果表明,距今5000a,七里海地区为海相沉积环境,海岸线穿越宁河的潘庄镇、大海北、小海北一带;距今3800~3000a,海岸线退至造甲城、七里海镇一带;到清朝乾隆年间,七里海湿地逐渐被分割成前海、后海、曲里海3部分,湖底不断淤积,水面不断萎缩,逐渐演变为湖泊、沼泽湿地;1926~2005年间,七里海湿地大致经历了3个变化阶段:1926~1950年为自然变化阶段,七里海湿地的变化主要受自然因素的影响,该阶段七里海湿地仍由前海、后海、曲里海3部分组成;1951~1981年为改造治理阶段,七里海被潮白河拦腰截断,分为东、西七里海,后海被改造为农田;1982~2005年为围垦和水产养殖阶段,东、西七里海的大面积水域以及湿地周围的大片农田都被改建为养殖池,自然湿地在减少,人工湿地在不断增加,导致七里海湿地景观类型日趋单一,生物多样性明显减少。 相似文献
68.
Controls on the location,morphology and evolution of complex esker systems at decadal timescales,Breiðamerkurjökull,southeast Iceland 下载免费PDF全文
Robert D. Storrar David J. A. Evans Chris R. Stokes Marek Ewertowski 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2015,40(11):1421-1438
This paper uses detailed mapping of eskers to address three questions which are important for reconstructing meltwater behaviour beneath contemporary and ancient ice masses: ‘What controls the morphology of simple and complex esker systems?’, ‘How do esker systems evolve through time?’ and ‘Are esker patterns compatible with groundwater controlled hydraulic spacing of esker tunnels?’. Esker crestlines and widths are mapped on the Breiðamerkurjökull foreland for eight time slices between 1945 and 2007, from high resolution (~50 cm) aerial photography, permitting their long‐term morphological evolution to be analysed in a high level of detail. We find that complex eskers develop where meltwater and sediment is abundant, such that sediment clogs channels, forming distributary eskers. Isolated eskers are simpler and smaller and reflect less abundant meltwater and sediment, which is unable to clog channels. Eskers may take several decades to emerge from outwash deposits containing buried ice and can increase or decrease in size when ice surrounding and underlying them melts out. It has been suggested that groundwater–channel coupling dictates the spacing between eskers at Breiðamerkurjökull. Our results do not dispute this, but suggest that the routing of sediment and meltwater through medial moraines is an additional important control on esker location and spacing. These results may be used to better understand the processes surrounding esker formation in a variety of geographical settings, enabling a more detailed understanding of the operation of meltwater drainage systems in sub‐marginal zones beneath glaciers and ice sheets. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
69.
Schmidt‐hammer exposure‐age dating (SHD) of snow‐avalanche impact ramparts in southern Norway: approaches,results and implications for landform age,dynamics and development 下载免费PDF全文
Schmidt‐hammer exposure‐age dating (SHD) was applied to the problem of dating the diachronous surfaces of five distal river‐bank boulder ramparts deposited by snow avalanches plunging into the Jostedøla and Sprongdøla rivers in the Jostedalsbreen region of southern Norway. Approaches to local high‐precision linear age calibration, which controlled in different ways for boulder roundness, were developed. The mean age (SHDmean) and the maximum age (SHDmax) of surface boulders were estimated for whole ramparts, crests and distal fringes. Interpretation was further assisted by reference to R‐value distributions. SHDmean ages (with 95% confidence intervals) ranged from 520 ± 270 years to 5375 ± 965 years, whereas SHDmax ages (expected to be exceeded by <5% of surface boulders) ranged from 675 to 9065 years. SHD ages from the Jostedøla ramparts tended to be older than those associated with the Sprongdøla, rampart crests were younger than the respective distal fringes, and use of relatively rounded boulders yielded more consistent SHD ages than angular boulders. The SHDmean ages indicate differences in recent levels of snow‐avalanche activity between ramparts and provide insights into rampart dynamics as boulders are deposited on rampart crests and, in smaller numbers, on the distal fringes. SHDmax ages provide minimum age estimates of rampart age (i.e. the time elapsed since the ramparts began to form) and suggest that at least some of the ramparts have been developing since the early Holocene. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.